Do Earthworms Threaten Soils and Plants?

Much depends on what species of earthworms and what geographical area we're talking about. Ameesh nicely discussed some of the negative effects earthworms can have and I'll just elaborate a bit more.First, there are over 20 families of worms labeled 'earthworms' and the family most people are familiar with contain 30 genera (with hundreds of species in that one family).

In fact, the number of species worldwide has been estimated between 3,000 to 6,000! There may be even more as they haven't all been discovered or classified yet.Obviously, earthworms must be beneficial for our planet to be so widespread.

But since you're not asking if earthworms are beneficial, I'm assuming you already know of the good they can do. (If you wish further information on that aspect, just ask in comments.)Surprisingly to most people, earthworms weren't normally found in the part of North America that was covered by glaciers in the last Ice Age.

It's theorized that glaciers wiped out the native earthworm populations. With no earthworms around, northern forests, and the plants and animals in them, adapted to thicker and slower decomposing leaf and needle litter. When Europeans started settling in North America, they brought along their native plants in soil containing earthworms and their eggs.

The worms found the abundant organic matter a banquet and soon started eating their way through the leaf litter. By substantially decreasing the thickness of leaf litter, they altered the delicate balance between plant and insect species, as well as birds and small mammals. There's been a decline in the diversity of understory plant species, thereby affecting the type and number of insects and birds that depend on these insects as food.

More recently, there's also been an influx of Asian earthworm species along with the different European species. If you check, you'll find quite a few sites of Canadian provinces and northern American states with information on invasive earthworm species and ways to decrease their effects. So the harmful effects of earthworms on the ecosystem are like that of almost all invasive species.

They disrupt the natural balance found in that particular environment to the point of no return. Man has never previously been able to eradicate invasive species that have become established. All that can be done is to control and limit their spread, earthworms included.

If you wondered, like I did, why the parts of Europe and Asia covered by glaciers in the last Ice Age didn't have invasive earthworms like North America had, it likely happened there too. I can find no information about it though. But remember, Europe and Asia were settled and farmed millenia ago and over the centuries, the forests that used to cover Europe have been almost entirely cut down.

The land has largely been agricultural or grassland which benefit from earthworms. One last thing -- I checked your profile, Manish and see you're in India. I wish I could tell you more about earthworms and Indian soils and plants but I can't find anything on it.

Because I only know English, it limits me in searching for studies that may have been done in India. I know that there's still vast areas of land that's forested in India. Earthworm species are likely somewhat different between farmland and forests but whether forest soils there are adversely affected like they are in North America, I can't say.

I wish I could be more helpful

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What are some of the best career objectives written in a resume?

Your objective statement should be tailored to meet, as the name implies, your objective when you apply for a position. Are you looking to land your first relevant job (entry level), looking to make a career change, or targeting a very specific position?

Below are some examples of effective objectives that fall within these three categories.1. Objective Entry-LevelAs an entry level employee, you might have little to no work experience.

In lieu of work experience, youll want to consider your extracurricular activities and other activities you have been involved in when creating your objective statement. For example, did you hold office for any school-related organizations or play a musical instrument? If yes, you might include proven leader, creative and effective communicator as adjectives to describe you.

Below are some examples of effective entry-level objectives. Focused human resources graduate with proven leadership ability and effective communication skills. Seeking an entry-level HR position with a company where I can apply my dedication, creativity and positive attitude to help the company achieve its goals.

Open to relocation.Recent college graduate with 4 years of experience in the restaurant service industry. Marketing major seeking to apply my leadership and interpersonal skills acquired through my restaurant experience for your graphic design firm.

Adaptable, hard-working, creative, willing to relocate.Student teacher, graduating with a Masters in English Literature in May 2019 and interested in middle school and high school teaching opportunities in the subjects of Theatre, English or English Literature. Energetic, professional, motivated and articulate.

Highly motivated college senior seeking a human resources position utilizing strong problem-solving, communication and leadership skills.2. Objective Career ChangeWhen youre switching careers, an objective statement is your tool to help clarify this point.

That way, a recruiter wont be confused as to why youre a professional pharmaceutical rep looking to land a marketing gig. Below are some examples of career change objectives.Executive chef with 10 years of experience managing a team of artistic and administrative personnel for a catering company.

Utilize effective communication and leadership skills to motivate and unite teams while efficiently meeting and exceeding departmental goals. Hold an MFA and look forward to applying my skill set to the faculty teaching position at your school.Former police officer with 4 years of experience in public service.

I am motivated, a fast learner, and quick on my feet. Eager to apply my ability to multitask and work well under pressure to the administrative assistant position at your organization.Human resources professional with 10 years of experience in oil & gas and not-for-profit organizations.

Effective leader and communicator through both written and verbal mediums. Would love the opportunity to apply my skills to your creative writing position.3.

Objective Position SpecificThough you could opt for a summary statement if youre targeting a specific job, an objective statement might work better for you. Below are some examples of effective job-specific objectives.Accomplished engineer with a background in water and wastewater treatment and facilities eager to apply my knowledge and experience for your Wastewater Project Engineer position.

Hold a Bachelors in Civil Engineering and on target to achieve my PE license early next year. Learning and development specialist with 5 years of experience. Focused, creative, efficient and humorous with ability to support the achievement of team and individual goals.

Eager to apply my coaching and training skills to your open Training Manager position. A well-written objective can help your resume stand out from the hundreds of other resumes recruiters receive. Take the time to clarify your objective and what you have to offer the company.

From there, you can craft a compelling objective statement to avoid receiving the dreaded rejection email!If you are looking for even more inspiration for your standout resume, check out VisualCV. Full disclosure, I work for them and they have one of the best online resume builder in the industry!

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If data science is in demand, why is it so hard to get a data scientist job?

Because today everybody is essentially a data scientist!If you do any type of data exploration, you can consider yourself a data scientist because as the title suggests, you are investigating and exploring data.

The problem is the following.Companies donu2019t know what they want - Most companies simply throw a bunch of technical tools as a requirement without even knowing how, where or why it is used. Like: Hive, Pig, Machine Learning, supervised learning.

They have no clue that you could spend your whole life in machine learning and never touch Hadoop, Hive or Pig.Companies donu2019t know how to interview - Most companies simply focus on the tools and the commands. If you donu2019t know that command for that question, you canu2019t pass the interview.

I agree this is apt for a SW developer but not for a data scientist. If I donu2019t know or canu2019t remember a python function or command, I can just look it up in 30 seconds. Why should this be used against me in an interview just because I couldnu2019t recall how to use that specific command or know which command to use during the time of the interview?

Everybody thinks they are an expert on everything- Data science is sort of a gamut of disciplines with a wide cross knowledge of domains. So technically no one person can be expected to know it all. Typically you focus on a particular path and sort of stay there and become an expert.

The problem is that people think they are an expert on everything. This leads to nothing but frustration. There are multiple ways to solve a data science problem - This is a very important notion because as we discussed data science is a gamut of different disciplines.

For a single problem, any of the following is true.One algorithm might work better than the otherSome people get attached to a specific algorithm as a magic bulletDeep learning is typically overkill for straightforward problemsStatisticians might approach the problem differently using much simpler statistical models as opposed to machine learning modelsetc, etcSo when companies donu2019t know what they want and donu2019t know how to interview, they have no clue if they are getting the right person. Often times, perfectly good candidates are ignored because someone else had a flashier resume or because they could recall functions and commands better than the other person.

And then youu2019ll get that proverbial singular dickhead interviewer out of many people on the panel who actually liked you. That is, this guy will be the most experienced and he is using your interview to essentially show off and posture how much he knows. Heu2019ll have his mind set on a specific way to solve a problem as discussed above and if you donu2019t align with his solution to the problem, you are essentially not selected.

So basically, it is super hard to let the interview panel know that you are indeed knowledgable and can solve their problems because they think if you canu2019t answer their questions correctly then you are not a good candidate. I know that seems weird and obvious but as I said in data science a lot times the interviewer is clueless as to what he is asking or how to actually solve a problem. Essentially, he is forcing his selection bias on you and if you donu2019t align with whatever his notion of data science is, then you are not a good candidate