Knowledge About Tree Planting,Heritage Listing of Tree Planting

Tulliallan was listed by the Heritage Council of Victoria as of being significant for the local historic and aesthetic significance to the City of Casey on May 12, 2004. The Heritage Council of Victoria recognises, protects and celebrates Victorias cultural heritage and advises the government and others on how to conserve and protect historically important objects and places for the enjoyment of current and future generations. It is an independent statutory body and provides legal protection for places and objects that are important to the history and development of Victoria.

The heritage listing in particular refers to a stone and brick cottage constructed c.1860, originally an old shearers cottage and an avenue of English Elms lining the entrance driveway at 1/805 Berwick Cranbourne Road, Cranbourne North. The Victorian Heritage Database lists the State's most significant heritage places, objects and historic shipwrecks protected under the Heritage Act 1995 states "The cottage is highly significant in a regional context as one of the few surviving buildings associated with the settlement of the study area during the pastoral era of 1850s and 60s prior to the land being opened for selection. It illustrates the development of cattle runs within the south east part of the Settled District of Port Philip. It has associations with locally important individuals including members of the Rossiter family, James Gibb and Captain Thomas Mitchell. The early development of the farm is also demonstrated by the now mature elm Avenue. Aesthetically, the Elm Avenue is significant as one of the largest private avenues in the municipality and provides a dramatic entry and setting for the farm complex. It also contributes to the broader cultural landscape within this area."

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Around 3,100 species of flowering plant have been recorded in Syria as well as about 112 gymnosperms. The country can be considered to be at a crossroads between various vegetation zones and the flora shows influences from three continents, Europe, Asia and Africa. The ice ages pushed palaeoarctic species further south, and when the climate ameliorated, some species clung on in mountainous regions of Turkey, Syria and Lebanon. The prevailing westerly winds bring greater precipitation near the coast and the vegetation on the western side of the coastal mountain ranges differs from that on the eastern side, which differs again from inland mountain ranges and once again from the drought-resistant plants that grow on the eastern plateau.

In the west of the country, mild wet winters and hot dry summers provide ideal conditions for the Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests of the region which include evergreen oaks, Aleppo pines and other conifers. Where the trees have been removed for timber, sclerophyllous scrub predominates, such as maquis shrubland, and garrigue in calcareous areas. At the beginning of the twentieth century, forests covered about one third of the country, but a hundred years later, this had reduced to about 3%. The remaining forest cover is mostly in the Syrian Coastal Mountain Range and consists of thorny and glossy-leaved trees such as common box, Myrtus communis, broom, terebinth, strawberry tree and wild olive.

Plants found in the semi-arid and arid regions include bulbous plants such as tulips, fritallaries, Asphodeline damascena, Asphodeline lutea, crocus, iris, Drimia maritima, Colchicum hierosolymitanum and Asphodelus aestivus, and other plants such as Papaver dubium, Papaver rhoeas, Malva parviflora, Plantago ovata, Plantago coronopus, Paliurus spina-christi, Ziziphus lotus, Adonis aleppica, Adonis palaestina and Eryngium maritimum. The terebinth tree (Pistacia palaestina) grows in semi-arid areas and is a traditional source of turpentine, and the shrub Salsola vermiculata, which regenerates with as little as 70mm (2.8in) of rainfall, provides good fodder for livestock.

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The ecosystems of the tropical marine climate have to adapt to the dry season. Plants during the dry season must conserve water/moisture. However the extent of the adaptation depends much on the annual rainfall.

Hygrophytic ecosystems occur when there is a short dry period with a few rain showers. The soil in this ecosystem holds adequate water for plant growth. Most of the tropical marine ecosystems are close to true rain forests.

Mesophytic ecosystemThe mesophytic ecosystem is also known as a semi-evergreen forest. It is found where there is a long dry season that has little rainfall. There is less vegetation than in a rainforest. There are only two tree stories; trees shed their leaves or have very small leaves. This provides the plants a way to conserve moisture.

There are fewer epiphytes than a rain forest has as the canopy is dry. In the dry season the ground is covered by leaves that will not decay until the soil is moist. The trees often flower during the dry season and start to grow during the wet season. The soil is usually latasol.

Xerophytic ecosystemThe xerophytic ecosystem is also known as dry woodland. It is found in areas of rain shadow in the tropical marine climate. This ecosystem often develops soils that drain quickly.

The dry woodland is very different from the rainforest. The biomass is a lot less than a rainforest as there is little rain. The tallest of trees are only 15 to 25 meters high in the dry woodland. Dry woodland trees either have small leaves or shed their leaves. The trees have very thick bark and the trunks are crooked.

VariationsMangroves grow in coastal wetlands, which are called hydrophytic ecosystems. The vegetation at the coast are usually adapted to sandy soil. The montane forests and elfin woodlands grow on the cool, moist, mountainous regions.

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JanuaryJanuary 4

President Muse Bihi Abdi appointed six official posts, including three Director Generals, two Managers and the Auditor General.FebruaryFebruary 17

The Somaliland Marathon held in hargeisa for the first time, with 205 athletes, both local runners international ones participated the event.MarchMarch 25

President Bihi delivered his first State of the Nation address to a joint session of Parliament of Somaliland.AprilApril 15

President of Somaliland announced that has marked the Tree Planting Day of the nation on 15 April by presidential decree.MayMay 23

The Somaliland government has taken over the control of the Berbera Petroleum Laboratory, after improper fuel flow through BPL resulted in the leakage of fossil fuels into berbera fuel tanks, causing contamination of used vehicles and no pure petrol across the country.JuneJune 2

One person was killed and twenty-one houses were collapsed after heavy rains and winds made a landfall at Awbarkhadle and Carobaydhe areas in the east of Hargeisa.JulyJuly 20-25

The 12th installment of the annual Hargeisa International Book Fair held in hargeisa, with the theme of coexistence and guest country of Egypt.AugustAugust 23

Five people have been killed, including a student girl, and several others injured after being attacked by hyenas in Aynabo District of Saraar region.SeptemberSeptember 1

The Minister of Public Works has announced a campaign on public property statistics to be divided into buildings such as schools and hospitals & open land.OctoberOctober 25

President of Somaliland has declared that 17 October which previously celebrated as the SNM Martyrs Day turned to the Somaliland National Heroes Day.NovemberNovember 12

the National Tender Board has announced the successful bid for the implementation of three projects which was the Alamzey Stadium, University of Hargeisa and Ministry of Finance.DecemberDecember 20

The General Auditor submits the national accounting of 2017 for Sub-committee of Monitoring and Protection of National Properties of the House of Representatives.

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The grounds are close to the stump of an oak tree known as the Wilberforce Oak, easily distinguished from the surrounding trees by a stone seat constructed in its shade. The Wilberforce Oak is part of the Holwood Estate, a private residential development that borders Holwood House and its grounds.

A Wilberforce diary entry in 1788 reads:

At length, I well remember after a conversation with Mr. Pitt in the open air at the root of an old tree at Holwood, just above the steep descent into the vale of Keston, I resolved to give notice on a fit occasion in the House of Commons of my intention to bring forward the abolition of the slave-trade.An oak sapling was planted in 1969 to replace the ageing original pollard oak (Quercus robur, also known as English brown oak). The work was carried out by the Forestry Section of Kent County Council's Estates Department in collaboration with the Anti-Slavery Society of Denison University in Ohio.

By 1987 the original oak tree was a hollow shell surrounding a new sapling grown from one of its acorns. This young tree blew down in the 'Great storm' of 15/16 October 1987. Slices of it were sold off by the London Borough of Bromley's Parks Department as a fundraiser to plant trees to replace those lost through the borough. A new sapling, the third generation, taken from an acorn of the younger tree now stands beside the remains of the original tree.

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Quercus ellipsoidalis, the northern pin oak or Hill's oak, is a North American species of trees native to the north-central United States and south-central Canada, primarily in the Great Lakes region and the Upper Mississippi Valley. It most commonly occurs on dry, sandy soils.

Although the common name suggests a resemblance to the pin oak (Q. palustris), Q. ellipsoidalis has traditionally been thought to be closely related to the scarlet oak (Q. coccinea), and was in fact included in that species by many botanists. Recent work suggests that there is more gene flow between Hill's oak and black oak (Q. velutina), but the phylogenetic position of these species is still uncertain (Hipp and Weber 2008). The morphological similarity between Q. ellipsoidalis and Q. coccinea remains a source of confusion, especially in northwestern Indiana and southern Cook County, Illinois.

Quercus ellipsoidalis is a medium-sized deciduous tree growing to 20 meters (66 feet) tall with an open, rounded crown. The leaves are glossy green, 713cm (2345in) long and 510cm (24in) broad, lobed, with five or seven lobes, and deep sinuses between the lobes. Each lobe has 3-7 bristle-tipped teeth. The leaf is nearly hairless, except for small tufts of pale orange-brown down where the lobe veins join the central vein. The acorns tend to be ellipsoid (ellipse-shaped, from which its scientific name derives), though they tend to be highly variable and range to globose, 611mm (14716in) long and 1019mm (133234in) broad, a third to a half covered in a deep cup, green maturing pale brown about 18 months after pollination; the kernel is very bitter. The inner surface of the acorn cap is glabrous (hairless) to sparsely or moderately pubescent, and the hairs if present tend to be kinky rather than straight.

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Dioecious species have the male and female reproductive structures on separate plants.

The meaning of male and female in the context of plants is different from that used in animal groups and the usage is not strictly correct. This issue is discussed below in the Alternation of generations section. About 6 percent of angiosperm species are entirely dioecious and about 7% of angiosperm genera contain some dioecious species. Examples of dioecious plant species include ginkgos, willows, cannabis and African teak. More examples of dioecious plants can be found in the Wikipedia category, Dioecious plants.

Dioecy occurs in a wide variety of plant families. However it is more common in woody plants and heterotrophic species. Certain algae are dioecious.

Alternatives to dioecyThere are several alternatives to dioecy for sexual reproductive structure organization in plants including bisexual flowers, monoecy, gynomonoecy, andromonoecy. These are described at Plant reproductive morphology.

Alternation of generationsLand plants have alternation of generations, for which the sporophyte generation produces spores rather than gametes. Strictly speaking, the sporophytes of land plants do not have either male or female reproductive organs. The gametophytes of flowering plants are of a single sex; the male gametophytes are contained within the pollen, and the female gametophytes are contained within ovules. The sporophyte generation is called dioecious when each sporophyte has only one kind of spore-producing organ whose spores ultimately give rise to either all male gametes (sperm) or all female gametes (eggs). Slightly different terms, "dioicous" and "monoicous", may be used for the gametophyte generation, although "dioecious" and "monoecious" are also used.